• br Regulation of Glu transporters The pivotal role of Glu

  2022-09-03

  

  Regulation of Glu transporters The pivotal role of Glu transporters in the fine tuning and turnover of this excitatory amino Tanshinone I receptor calls for a detailed characterization of its regulation. Several general mechanisms that modify Glu uptake activity have been described. These include

• In glioma or glial derived primary brain tumors

  2022-09-03

  

  In glioma, or glial-derived primary done tumors, as in other cancers, glutathione is an important survival mechanism. Glioma cells are dependent upon SXC-mediated cystine uptake for viability, as they require intracellular cystine/cysteine for GSH synthesis (Ogunrinu and Sontheimer, 2010, Sontheimer

• In addition to GABA mediated mIPSCs glutamate mediated minia

  2022-09-03

  

  In addition to GABA-mediated mIPSCs, glutamate-mediated miniature excitatory postsynaptic potentials (mEPSCs) regulate the excitability of the nervous system. GluRs can be divided into ionic and metabotropic GluRs. Ionotropic GluRs can be pharmacologically differentiated by specific binding of the a

• Studies examining cerebral glucose metabolism in MDD using F

  2022-09-03

  

  Studies examining cerebral glucose metabolism in MDD using 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose in positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed altered regional glucose metabolism in MDD (Dunn et al., 2002, Kennedy et al., 2001, Kimbrell et al., 2002, Saxena et al., 2001). In a recent meta-analysis by Su and co

• Fig demonstrates placental amino acid transporter

  2022-09-03

  

  Fig. 7 demonstrates placental amino Neuregulin/Heregulin-1β (NRG-1β/HRG-1β), human recombinant protein transporter protein concentrations. While no change in the placental SNAT2 is effected in response to a high-fat diet in wt, a trend toward a reduction was seen in glut3 mice in response to a high-

• The post translational modification O

  2022-09-03

  

  The post-translational modification O-GlcNAcylation is also dependent upon glucose fluctuations. O-GlcNAcylation has been linked to insulin resistance and glucose toxicity in diabetes and its comorbidities [11]. O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic modification tightly regulated by the nutritional sensor UD

• Herein in consider of the high

  2022-09-03

  

  Herein, in consider of the high similarity between GR HBP site and AR HBP site, we applied rational drug design strategy to develop AR/GR antagonists based on the chemical structures of antiandrogens and crystal structure of GR. The following bioassay identified Z19 as a dual AR/GR antagonist. Z19 i

• Introduction Glucocorticoids are released in response to str

  2022-09-03

  

  Introduction Glucocorticoids are released in response to stress and play an important role in inflammation, cellular growth, development, body fluid homeostasis, carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. However, circulating glucocorticoid excess has been associated with a classical phenotype of

• Zoledronic Acid mg br Do the actions of GLP R agonists

  2022-09-03

  

  Do the actions of GLP-1R agonists on the vascular endothelium account for GLP-1R agonist-mediated cardioprotection? The previous section highlighted the recent clinical evidence from cardiovascular outcomes studies supporting the notion that GLP-1R agonists confer cardioprotective actions in pati

• Here we used chemogenetic modulation

  2022-09-03

  

  Here, we used chemogenetic modulation of MBH GHSR neurons to address the role of the endogenous ghrelin system in the normal, hyperphagic response to a short-term fast. Studies demonstrating the requirement of an intact ghrelin-GHSR system for the rebound food intake following fasting have been inco

• It is important to underline that

  2022-09-03

  

  It is important to underline that CCG 50014 although ghrelin increases the motivation to eat even in fed state, its effects on food intake and reward are blunted in obese animal models (Zigman et al., 2016). This emphasizes also the interconnection between homeostatic regulation of food intake and

• br Materials and methods br

  2022-09-03

  

  Materials and methods Transparency document Acknowledgments Introduction Hearing loss is the most common congenital sensory deficit. About 1–3 in 1000 children are affected at birth or during early childhood by severe hearing loss, which is defined as prelingual deafness, with at least h

• Cellular inhibition is caused by the hyperpolarization of th

  2022-09-03

  

  Cellular inhibition is caused by the hyperpolarization of the cell and is mediated by both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAARs. Synaptic GABAARs are sensitive to high concentrations of GABA released at the synapse and mediate phasic inhibition. In contrast, extrasynaptic GABAARs mediate tonic inhibit

• br Introduction Farnesoid X receptor FXR is a bile acid

  2022-09-03

  

  Introduction Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile 1186 regulated nuclear receptor highly expressed in the liver, intestine, kidney and adrenal glands in rodents.1, 2, 3, 4 FXR regulates transport proteins, the bile salt export pump (BSEP) and the organic solute transporter α (OSTα) that are invo

• br ACKNOWLEDGMENTS br Introduction Odorant receptors ORs are

  2022-09-03

  

  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Introduction Odorant receptors (ORs) are the largest subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are mainly expressed by olfactory sensory neurons in the nose for the detection of various odorants [1]. However, more recent reports suggest that ORs are also expressed an

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