• br AMPK structure and mechanism of action AMPK is

  2023-01-02

  

  AMPK: structure and mechanism of action AMPK is a metabolic master switch that regulates downstream signals based on shifts in the surrounding energy reservoir [6]. It is expressed in a number of tissues, including the kidney, the liver, the skeletal muscle, the adipose tissue, and the hypothalam

• The hippocampus is the primary brain structure involved in l

  2023-01-02

  

  The hippocampus is the primary brain structure involved in learning and memory. The role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in neurological processes in cognition and depression has been extensively demonstrated. Synaptophysin is a critical substance in synaptogenesis, which is necessary for learnin

• Anti LT therapy by LO

  2023-01-02

  

  Anti-LT therapy by 5-LO inhibition has been hampered by occurring liver toxicities by Zileuton or the clinical phase II compound Atreleuton [36], [37] However both compounds possess a thiophene as well as an N-hydroxyurea moiety. These features could be linked with reactive thiophene intermediates [

• The central problem in amnesia developing following impairme

  2023-01-02

  

  The central problem in amnesia developing following impairment of long-term memory consolidation or reconsolidation is a question of the underlying mechanisms, whether it is caused by impairment of retrieval or memory storage mechanisms [3,8,9,[15], [16], [17], [18]]. To answer this question, severa

• In addition to pH regulation by ion counter

  2023-01-02

  

  In addition to pH regulation by ion (counter-) fluxes, acidification is regulated by the abundance of V-ATPase on organelles, by the pumping activity of the complex and by proton leakage. In yeast, the V-ATPase VO subunit a is the only subunit expressed in two isoforms termed Stv1p and Vph1p. V-ATPa

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2022-12-29

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgements Introduction DJ-1 is a highly conserved, homodimeric protein that was originally cloned as an oncogene capable of transforming G007-LK in cooperation with activated ras[1]. DJ-1 is over-expressed in multiple tumor types and is positively correlated wit

• The therapeutic potential of ML

  2022-12-28

  

  The therapeutic potential of ML327-induced MET against Cytidine 5-triphosphate of mesenchymal origin has not been explored. In the present study, we hypothesized that induction of MET using ML327 would block the growth of ES cells and sensitize to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Herein, we report that ML3

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank Simcere Pharmace

  2022-12-23

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Simcere Pharmaceuticals, Nanjing, China, for providing a rabbit anti-VEGF neutralizing monoclonal antibody. We thank Dr. Schlisio in the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, for assistance with hypoxia assay. Y.C.’s laboratory is sup

• GW311616 hydrochloride receptor Our observation that squales

  2022-12-23

  

  Our observation that squalestatin caused only small differences in the production of Aβ40 and Aβ42 was in contrast to prior reports of the effects of other cholesterol synthesis inhibitors. This may be due to using squalestatin, a more specific cholesterol synthesis inhibitor that does not affect is

• N terminally extended antigenic peptide

  2022-12-23

  

  N-terminally extended antigenic peptide precursors that survive cytosolic degradation and enter the ER, need to be further processed by ERAP1 and/or ERAP2, in order to acquire the right length required for MHCI binding. ERAP1 (ERAAP in mouse) is an IFN-γ-inducible, metalloaminopeptidase that trims N

• In conclusion we show that HBP is

  2022-12-21

  

  In conclusion, we show that HBP1 is phosphorylated on three sites, which control HBP1 transcriptional activity and glioblastoma cell proliferation. This phosphorylation largely depends on AKT, although other kinases may also be involved. In a previous study, we had shown that the PI3K-AKT pathway re

• The direction of glutamate transport by the

  2022-12-21

  

  The direction of glutamate transport by the cell membrane transporter is reversible. As mentioned above, glutamate transport is an electrogenic process associated with a transmembrane ion gradient established by the Na+-K+ pump through hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate. Under conditions of energy

• GKT137831 Our initial approach to identify hits was two

  2022-12-21

  

  Our initial approach to identify hits was two-pronged and included a high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign of the OSI GKT137831 library as well as a virtual screening (VS) campaign, utilizing a publically available crystal structure of ACK1 (PDB code: ). A tolerance for protein flexibility was i

• Why do glutamate and glycine bind to

  2022-12-17

  

  Why do glutamate and glycine bind to the 78 4 in such different ways? Given the overall structural similarity between the GluN2A and GluN1 LBDs, one might conclude that the LBDs also bind ligands via similar processes. NMDA receptors with engineered disulfide linkages that lock the GluN1 lobes shut

• A large number of studies have shown that

  2022-12-17

  

  A large number of studies have shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiological process of ventricular remodeling and is associated with left ventricular dysfunction (Hori and Nishida, 2009, Lord et al., 2010). The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that exceeds anti-oxidat

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